FEATURES
• Perfect for R&D and Production
• Verified at Fraunhofer, ISE & NREL Meets JIS, IES, & ASTM Standards
• Cell size : 52mm – 500mm
• Configured as: downward, vertical, horizontal, or 360 degree rotating head beams
• Accurate I-V measurements of High Efficiency & All Types of Solar Cells
• Measures up to ±35A / ± 10V /350W I-V Range
• Temperature & Light Soaking Dependent I-V Curves
• Multiplexing Function to Test Various Solar Cells
• Corrected I-V Curves, Graphical / Tabular QC Monitoring
• >1,300,000 wafer passes / lamp*
• Better than >99% Uptime

Solar Cell Performance Measurement System
This I-V test system consists of a OAI’s TSS Class AAA Solar Simulator, Custom Test Fixture, Source Meter and OAI’s proprietary I-V Software, I-V Normalization Kit, Calibrated Si Reference Cell, etc. These systems are available in various models to allow measurement of single or multiple solar cells with sizes ranging from small size up to 500mm x 500mm (see Table next page) By Utilizing a continuous solar simulator with a built-in auto shutter, the system provides a single long pulse whose duration can be adjusted from 50ms to ≥250ms. The integrated system also includes OAI’s high power source meter which is available in various ranges from ±1A / ±10V / 10W up to ±35A / ±10V / 350W. The high power source meter overcomes the limitations of standard source meters by providing an ultra-fast sensing of the voltage.

Integrated Test System Specifications
OAI’s I-V Software adjusts and optimizes the voltage sweep rate from 150V/sec to compensate for the high capacitance of the solar cell and matches the device’s dielectric response speed. This results in the most accurate current-voltage measurements. The I-V curve is recorded in both forward and reverse sweep directions as the software adjusts the voltage sweep rate to solve any hysteresis issues. This provides highly accurate FF and other device performance parameters. The OAI I-V Software also computes all of the standard solar cell parameters : Isc, Voc, Jsc, Imp, Vmp, FF, Rs, Rsh, Pmax and Efficiency. The system can also be integrated with a Normalization Kit which consists of intensity monitoring Cell and other hardware. Utilizing this, each point of the I-V curve is corrected for the variation in intensity and temperature to provide accurate I-V curve. The I-V software also provides script writing capability to program the system to do Auto I-V Measurements, including light soaking based and temperature dependent I-V curves. This I-V System can also be integrated with multiplexing hardware to allow the measurements of multiple solar cells in sequential or in parallel ways.

With this small, portable, battery powered meter, numerous production flash solar simulators can be tested and compared in a short amount of time, leading to greater production line consistency and throughput. OAI offers the Flash Power Meter configured with a calibrated solar reference cell, which is equipped with a thermocouple. The assembly is manufactured in accordance with IEC–60904-2. Certification is by NIST to the ISO-17025 standard and is traceable to National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL). Other OAI solar products include: a full portfolio of Solar Simulators, I-V Testers, and Test Fixtures. All products are supported by OAI’s global service and application engineering network.

FEATURES

• Samples at speeds up to 4000Hz for accurate flash lamp measurement
• Integrates with calibrated reference cell
• Displays temperature readings in °F or °C
• Measures and displays continuous or peak readings
• Connects to USB port for data collection
• Displays reference cell characteristics including: cell type and size, window type, and temperature measurement device type
• Powered by standard wall current or convenient, rechargeable lithium-ion battery pack
• Stores and displays average of recent peak measurements (user settable)

Comes with two separate thermal measurement connector types (k-type thermocouples and RTD) and is designed for use with either type

Low Dose CPV to 50 Suns

OAI’s standard Class AAA Solar Simulators are fitted with optics that allow them to function both as a standard solar simulator (up to 1.2 Suns) and a low dose (up to 50 Suns) CPV Simulator. Available models are CPV LD15, CPV LD22, and CPV LD50 (as shown in the Product Specification Table within the datasheet). The low dose CPV Simulators are supplied with OAI’s Advanced Uniform Beam Optics, which include proprietary coated mirrors, filters, and a beam uniformity integrator. These optics are then coupled with special concentrating light-pipe attachment optics. Standard Low Dose CPV beam sizes range from 2.5cm x 2.5cm up to 4.5cm x 4.5cm.

Choose from either a 1kW, 1.5kW, or 4.0kW lamp housing to achieve a wide range of concentrating solar light (as shown in the Product Specification Table within the datasheet). Additionally, OAI offers a highly collimated 6 Suns CPV Simulator with half angle <1° (Model CPV LA) for cells measuring up to 156mm x156mm. All of the low dose CPV Simulators use an OAI TriSOL Standard Solar Simulator as the base to deliver highly accurate and collimated beams to the concentrating optics. These TriSOL Standard Simulators are certified to ASTM E927-05, IEC 60904-9 2007, and JIS C8912 Standards for Class AAA performance (Spectral Match 400-1100nm wavelength in 100nm bandwidth increments, Non-Uniformity, and Temporal Instability). The Class A+ Spectral Match (<±12.5%) upgrade is also available using a specially designed filter.

High Dose CPV to 1500 Suns

The High Dose CPV Solar Simulators (Models CPV HD20, CPV HD500, CPV HD1500 & CPV HDLA300) are fully integrated, stand-alone, high concentration simulators. High Dose and small area CPV Simulators are available in three basic configurations: up to 20 Suns in a beam size of 7.5cm x 7.5cm, up to 500 Suns with a 2.54cm x 2.54cm beam size, and up to 1500 Suns with a 1.5cm x 1.5cm beam size. OAI also manufactures a High Dose large area model (Model CPV HDLA300) simulator with 300 Suns intensity with a beam size of 60mm x 60mm. These High Dose CPV simulators are constructed with OAI’s integrated Advanced Uniform Beam Optics, which includes proprietary coated mirrors, attenuation filters, beam uniformity integrator, and fully integrated special concentrating light-pipe optics.

Choose from either a 4.0kW or 7.0kW lamp housing to achieve a wide range of concentrating solar light (as shown in the Product Specification Table within the datasheet). These systems come with an integrated, high-speed shutter that reduces over exposure and sample heating during the measurement. The software shutter control facilitates cell exposure from 5msec to >300msec duration. In comparison to a flash type system, OAI’s continuous high dose CPV simulators provide the capability for complete beam characterization. These CPV Standalone Simulators are certified to ASTM E927-05, IEC 60904-9 2007, and JIS C8912 Standards for Class AAA performance (Spectral Match 400-1100nm wavelength in 100nm bandwidth increments, Non-Uniformity, and Temporal Instability). The Class A+ Spectral Match (<±12.5%) upgrade is available using a specially designed filter.

1. Large Area Full Room Solar Simulators: 5m (W) x 5m (L) x 3m (H); 1 Sun, AM1.5G 280 – 1800nm, Class ACA, 10% Beam Uniformity for testing large equipment.

2. Large Area IR Solar Simulators: 0.5m x 0.5m to 2.0m x 2.0m, 1 Sun, AM1.5G, 700 – 1100nm, Class ABA, 5% Beam Uniformity for testing of camera optics and various other devices.

3. Large Area Photovoltaics (PV) Solar Simulators: 0.5m x 0.5m to 2.0m x 2.0m, 1 Sun, AM0 or AM1.5G, 280 – 1800nm or 300 – 1800nm or 400 – 1100nm Class ABA, 5% Beam Uniformity for testing solar panels and other devices.

These large area solar simulators are available with various beam sizes and with different lamp power configurations ranging from 0.5m x 0.5m to 5m x 5m. and can be configured to provide various beam directions; vertically, downward, horizontal, or at an angle. These simulators are manufactured with custom optics and corresponding Air Mass (AM) filters, including other components to provide various Sun spectrums in AM0 (280 – 1800nm), AM1.5G (300 – 1800nm) and IR (700 – 1100nm) ranges that match the Sun’s rays within ±15%. This technology provides a highly accurate sun beam with the longest working distances. OAI’s Large Area Solar Simulators are certified to ASTM E927-05, IEC 60904-9 2007, and JIS C 8912 standards for Class AAA or ABA or ACA performance.

Applications include use in the testing of equipment for military, testing of optical devices and cameras, testing of photovoltaic modules, and varied other R& D and production uses.

Advances in mono-crystalline Si, multi -crystalline Si, HIT, and backside -contact type based solar cell design have led to an increase in cell capacitance and resistance by >2 orders of magnitude. This results in a decrease in the cell’s dielectric response speed. Most flash testers provide extremely short pulse duration, and require fast voltage sweep rates. By testing solar cells with flash testers, the results can give inconsistent fill-factor values and lower cell efficiency measurements.

High Efficiency Cells require a pulse width in the range of ˜ 75 -200ms and a working range of <15V/sec voltage sweep rates, creating a significant challenge for flash test systems to accurately determine the performance of these advanced cells. OAI’s new Single Long Pulse Solar Simulator & I -V Test System overcomes these limitations and provides exceptionally accurate measurements for High Efficiency Solar Cells. Perfect for both R&D and production, this test system solves the unique measurement challenges of High Efficiency and High Capacitance Solar Cells by providing an optimized long pulse width and voltage sweep rate combined with a unique algorithm. The result is accurate measurement of the I&V curve and the ability to ascertain the true fill-factor and efficiency of a solar cell.

Parameters Tested:

• Open-circuit voltage (OCV)
• Short-circuit current (lsc)
• Maximum power output of the cell (Pmax)
• Voltage at Pmax (Vmp)
• Current at Pmax (Ipm)
• Conversion efficiency
• Fill factor (FF)
• Series Resistance (Rs)
• Shunt Resistance (Rsh)

Note that OAI works with a proven partner company to provide automation. The fully equipped 10000A-I-V is a high-performance inline & fully automated, with 2 x J/R (with 100 slots per cassette) manual Load Cassettes and automated conveyor system connected to single line, including three separate stations to perform I-V / AOI / EL inspection and 48 Bins Sorting at a tac time of 1.25sec and throughout of 2800WPH (best estimate). Both I-V and EL stations come with a glide mechanism to provide precise alignment of Si Solar Cells before they are placed under the busbar fixtures. The alignment option can also be upgraded with a camera vision system. The I-V station comes with 1 x Class A+AA 156mm Solar Simulator, Pogo pin type up to 4 – 5 (or multi) busbars station and Bar-code Reader. The AOI system comprises of CCD Camera (1024 x 1024 pixels) system to do color and defect imaging. The EL station comes with a busbar stage and is connected to the dedicated source meter for biasing the cells and High sensitive CCD Camera in the wavelength range of 900 to 1100 nm having little thermal noise, at a very suitable resolution of 1024 x 1024 pixels. The system also comes with Bernoulli Arm picking system to lift and sort the wafers in 40 x I-V + 6 x AOI and 2 x EL bins. The system can be further optimized and customized based on specific requirements.

FEATURES
• Automated I-V, AOI, EL and Sorting/Binning System for Full Size and CutCell Si Solar Cells
• Throughput of ~2800WPH
• Fast and reliable measurements with minimum contact resistance
• Measurement of up to 12 Busbar Si solar cells
• Specially designed thin Busbars to minimize the shadowing on Si solar cells
• Unique design for measuring Si Cutcells simultaneously using specially designed vacuum chuck and top busbar configuration
• Integration of Test Fixture with unique OAI I-V Rider Software, solar simulator and I-V measurement system

OUTSTANDING FEATURES

FEATURES

• Integrates with calibrated reference cell
• Displays temperature readings in °F or °C
• Measures and displays continuous or peak readings
• Connects to USB port for data collection
• Displays reference cell characteristics including: cell type and size, window type, and temperature measurement device type
• Powered by standard wall current or convenient, rechargeable lithium-ion battery pack
• Stores and displays average of recent peak measurements (user settable)
• Comes with two separate thermal measurement connector types (k-type thermocouples and RTD) and is designed for use with either type